Workshop Articles:

Gunnar B.J. Andersson, Howard S. An, Theodore R. Oegema, Jr., and Lori A. Setton

Introduction
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):1-2. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Michele C. Battié and Tapio Videman

Lumbar Disc Degeneration: Epidemiology and Genetics
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):3-9. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Sally Roberts, Helena Evans, Jayesh Trivedi, and Janis Menage

Histology and Pathology of the Human Intervertebral Disc
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):10-14. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Victor Haughton

Imaging Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):15-20. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Jeffrey N. Katz

Lumbar Disc Disorders and Low-Back Pain: Socioeconomic Factors and Consequences
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):21-24. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Haoyu Feng, Mikael Danfelter, Björn Strömqvist, and Dick Heinegård

Extracellular Matrix in Disc Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):25-29. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Thijs Grunhagen, Geoffrey Wilde, Dahbia Mokhbi Soukane, Saeed A. Shirazi-Adl, and Jill P.G. Urban

Nutrient Supply and Intervertebral Disc Metabolism
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):30-35. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Raghu N. Natarajan, Jamie R. Williams, and Gunnar B.J. Andersson

Modeling Changes in Intervertebral Disc Mechanics with Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):36-40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

James C. Iatridis, Jeffrey J. MacLean, Peter J. Roughley, and Mauro Alini

Effects of Mechanical Loading on Intervertebral Disc Metabolism In Vivo
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):41-46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Neil A. Duncan

Cell Deformation and Micromechanical Environment in the Intervertebral Disc
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):47-51. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Lori A. Setton and Jun Chen

Mechanobiology of the Intervertebral Disc and Relevance to Disc Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):52-57. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Joyce A. DeLeo

Basic Science of Pain
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):58-62. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

John M. Cavanaugh, Ying Lu, Chaoyang Chen, and Srinivasu Kallakuri

Pain Generation in Lumbar and Cervical Facet Joints
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):63-67. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Helena Brisby

Pathology and Possible Mechanisms of Nervous System Response to Disc Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):68-71. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

A. Robin Poole

Biologic Markers and Disc Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):72-75. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Jeffrey C. Lotz and Jill A. Ulrich

Innervation, Inflammation, and Hypermobility May Characterize Pathologic Disc Degeneration: Review of Animal Model Data
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):76-82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

James W. Larson, III, Eric A. Levicoff, Lars G. Gilbertson, and James D. Kang

Biologic Modification of Animal Models of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):83-87. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Howard S. An and Koichi Masuda

Relevance of In Vitro and In Vivo Models for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):88-94. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Christopher Evans

Potential Biologic Therapies for the Intervertebral Disc
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):95-98. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Joshua J. Jacobs, Nadim J. Hallab, Robert M. Urban, and Markus A. Wimmer

Wear Particles
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):99-102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Vijay K. Goel, Manohar M. Panjabi, Avinash G. Patwardhan, Andrew P. Dooris, and Hassan Serhan

Test Protocols for Evaluation of Spinal Implants
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):103-109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

Gunnar B.J. Andersson, Howard S. An, Theodore R. Oegema, Jr., and Lori A. Setton

Directions for Future Research
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Supplement 2 ):110-114. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]  

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