The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2009;91:2-9.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.I.00549
© 2009 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Surgical Site Infection Prevention and Control: An Emerging Paradigm

the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Patient Safety Committee* and Richard P. Evans, MD, (Chairperson)1

1 Please address all correspondence to Juleah Joseph, MPH, Biomedical Research and Regulation, Department of Research and Scientific Affairs, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 6300 North River Road, Rosemont, IL 60018. E-mail address for J. Joseph: joseph@aaos.org

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   The Current State of Infection in Orthopaedic Surgery
 
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 22% of all health-care-associated infections are surgical site infections. A CDC estimate from 2001 suggests that approximately 290,000 surgical site infections occur annually in the United States, resulting in $1 billion to $10 billion in direct and indirect medical costs. Approximately 8000 patient deaths are associated with these infections. Staphylococcus species including Staphylococcus aureus are the leading nosocomial pathogens in hospitals throughout the world and altogether total almost 30% of the pathogenic isolates of health-care-associated infection reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network from January 2006 to October 20071.

Multiple-drug-resistant organisms include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, which colonize the skin and are spread by contact. Over 30% of the population is colonized with Staphylococcus aureus, and an increasing proportion of these resident bacteria is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. As many as 4% of health-care workers may be . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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