The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2009;91:19-22.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.I.00563
© 2009 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Failure of Sex to Predict the Size and Shape of the Knee

J. David Blaha, MD1, Corrie A. Mancinelli, PT, PhD2 and Kristi A. Overgaard, BSc1

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, TC 2912, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. E-mail address for J.D. Blaha: jdblaha@med.umich.edu
2 Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Human Performance and Applied Exercise Science, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9226, Morgantown, WV 26506-9226

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
The concept of sex-related differences in knee morphology that has led to sex specificity in total knee replacement has generated a great deal of interest in both the popular press and the orthopaedic literature. Some clinicians and implant designers purport that there are sex-based anatomical differences in the size and shape of the female knee. Because of these differences, they add, women need an implant that is "just for them." Sex-specific knees have been touted as "the next level of sophistication."1 There is, however, legitimate skepticism about the scientific evidence supporting this view; thus, the need for these implants is a matter of debate.

Proponents of this technology have identified three anatomical differences in the female knee: a smaller anterior condyle, an increased quadriceps angle (Q angle), and a reduced medial-lateral to anterior-posterior aspect ratio2,3. The evidence supporting these claims has recently been scrutinized by Merchant et al.4, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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