The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2009;91:74-78.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.I.00560
© 2009 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Understanding the Kinematics and Dynamics of the Digit

Jennifer Connor, MD1, Farid Amirouche, PhD1 and Mark Gonzalez, MD1

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Chicago, IL 60612. E-mail address for J. Connor: jennifer.connor@gmail.com

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
The flexor tendon system of the hand and the relationship between the flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus is complicated and has been the subject of much research1-3. Treatment recommendations for diseases and injuries involving the flexor tendon system have evolved substantially over the past thirty years as a better understanding of its anatomy, function, healing capacity, and rehabilitation protocols has emerged.

Both muscles originate in the forearm, and distally they form the flexor tendons of the digits. The flexor tendons are oval-shaped spiral bands composed of tenocytes and type-I collagen. Distally, beginning at the level of the metacarpal neck, the flexor tendons are enclosed in the flexor sheath, a fibro-osseous sheath with multiple functions. As has been well described, the sheath has thickened regions that form the pulley system. The pulley system is composed of the anular and cruciform pulleys. The A1, A3, and A5 pulleys arise . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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