The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2007;89:3-7.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.F.01236
© 2007 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Growth and Maturation of the Spine from Birth to Adolescence

Robert D. Labrom, MD, MSc, FRACS

Corresponding author:
Robert D. Labrom, MD, MSc, FRACS
Queensland Orthopaedic Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, 40 Chasely Street, Auchenflower, 4006, Queensland, Australia.
E-mail address: robert.labrom@qldoc.com.au

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
Normal development of the spine, from birth, includes the progressive longitudinal and axial growth of an osseous spinal column that allows a neuroprotective mechanical axis for all motion throughout life. Growth of the spinal column may become eccentric during life and can result in spinal deformity.


   General Goals of Postnatal Spinal Growth
 
In the developing spinal column, there exist four general features that permit the successful growth of the human spine:

  1. Osseous development is essential for the provision of a mechanical axis for the appendicular skeleton as well as an axis for muscular development. This axial skeleton has features that are unique to all mammalian bipeds.
  2. Characteristic curves in the osseous spinal column need to develop once the child begins to sit upright and eventually walk. Lordotic cervical and lumbar segments begin to develop, and the development of kyphotic thoracic and sacral segments permits balance in the sagittal plane.
  3. Continuous symmetric growth of the spinal column . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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