The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2007;89:649-658.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.F.00465
© 2007 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Current Concepts Review

Bone Grafts and Bone Graft Substitutes in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery

A Critical Analysis

William G. De Long, Jr., MD1, Thomas A. Einhorn, MD2, Kenneth Koval, MD3, Michael McKee, MD4, Wade Smith, MD5, Roy Sanders, MD6 and Tracy Watson, MD7

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Temple University, One Greentree Centre, Suite 104, Marlton, NJ 08053. E-mail address: william.delong@tuhs.temple.edu
2 Department of Orthopaedics, Boston University Medical Center, 720 Harrison Avenue, Suite 808, Boston, MA 02118
3 Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756
4 St. Michael's Hospital, 55 Queen Street East, Suite 800, Toronto, ON M5C 1R6, Canada
5 Denver Health Medical Center, 777 Bannock Street, Denver, CO 80204
6 Florida Orthopaedic Institute, 4 Columbia Drive, Suite 710, Tampa, FL 33606-3568
7 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis University Health Science Center, 3635 Vista Avenue, 7th Floor, St. Louis, MO 63110-0250

Investigation performed at Temple University School of Medicine, Marlton, New Jersey

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
Formula Osteoinduction is a process that supports the mitogenesis of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, leading to the formation of osteoprogenitor cells that form new bone.

Formula The human skeleton has the ability to regenerate itself as part of the repair process.

Formula Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein has osteoinductive properties, the effectiveness of which is supported by Level-I evidence from current literature sources.

Formula Osteoconduction is a property of a matrix that supports the attachment of bone-forming cells for subsequent bone formation.

Formula Osteogenic property is a relatively new term that can be defined as the generation of bone from bone-forming cells.

Orthopaedic trauma surgery requires the regular use of bone grafts to help provide timely healing of musculoskeletal injuries. The iliac crest autologous graft remains the gold standard. The morbidity associated with the harvest of bone graft has caused practitioners to seek methods of enhancing healing with bone graft substitutes. The term bone . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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