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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) 83:S73-79 (2001)
© 2001 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Scientific Article

Surgical Treatment of Flexible Flatfoot in Children

A Four-Year Follow-up Study

Sandro Giannini, MD, Francesco Ceccarelli, MD, Maria Grazia Benedetti, MD, Fabio Catani, MD and Cesare Faldini, MD

Sandro Giannini, MD
Francesco Ceccarelli, MD
Fabio Catani, MD
Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy. E-mail address for S. Giannini: giannini@ior.it

Maria Grazia Benedetti, MD
Cesare Faldini, MD
Movement Analysis Laboratory, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy

The authors did not receive grants or outside funding in support of their research or preparation of this manuscript. They did not receive payments or other benefits or a commitment or agreement to provide such benefits from a commercial entity. No commercial entity paid or directed, or agreed to pay or direct, any benefits to any research fund, foundation, educational institution, or other charitable or nonprofit organization with which the authors are affiliated or associated.

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Definition
 
Flexible flatfoot in children is one of the most common disorders in orthopaedics1,2. Despite numerous papers published in the literature, the definition and etiology of flexible flatfoot; the level of disability that it may cause; and the opportunity for, appropriate time of, and efficacy of its treatment are still open to debate3,4. In fact, if the foot is only morphologically flat, characterized by a lower medial arch and a broadening of the footprint, it can be well tolerated throughout the person’s life. If, however, the foot is also functionally flat—that is, a foot that during weight-bearing and walking stays in a prevalent or persistent pronation—can cause secondary problems5,6.


   Functional Consequences
 
Persistent pronation of the subtalar joint during the propulsive phase of gait is mostly responsible for major deformities in adult life7. Hallux valgus, metatarsalgia, tarsal tunnel syndrome, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, and osteoarthritis of the subtalar and midtarsal . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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