The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) 80:268-82 (1998)
© 1998 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Current Concepts Review - Corrosion of Metal Orthopaedic Implants*
JOSHUA J. JACOBS, M.D. ,
JEREMY L. GILBERT, PH.D. and
ROBERT M. URBAN, , CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
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Introduction
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In situ degradation of metal-alloy implants is undesirable for two reasons: the degradation process may decrease the structural integrity of the implant, and the release of degradation products may elicit an adverse biological reaction in the host. Degradation may result from electrochemical dissolution phenomena, wear, or a synergistic combination of the two. Electrochemical processes may include generalized corrosion, uniformly affecting the entire surface of the implant, and localized corrosion, affecting either regions of the device that are shielded from the tissue fluids (crevice corrosion) or seemingly random sites on the surface (pitting corrosion). Electrochemical and mechanical processes (for example, stress corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue, and fretting corrosion) may interact, causing premature structural failure and accelerated release of metal particles and ions.
The clinical importance of degradation of metal implants is evidenced by particulate corrosion and wear products in tissue surrounding the implant, which may ultimately result in a cascade of . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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