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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 79:917-32 (1997)
© 1997 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Current Concepts Review

Current Concepts Review - Treatment of Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Pelvis and the Extremities*

ALAN D. AARON, M.D.{dagger}, WASHINGTON, D.C.

*No benefits in any form have been received or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. No funds were received in support of this study.


   Introduction
 
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States; in 1991, 23.7 per cent (514,657) of the total number of deaths were cancer-related126. The rate of survival has improved over the last three decades; the five-year rate of survival from the time of diagnosis has increased by 20 and 30 per cent for breast and prostate carcinoma, respectively, since 1963126. Bone is the third most common site for distant metastases from adenocarcinoma, second only to the lung and the liver. Bone metastases were the first presentation of carcinoma in 23 per cent of 429 previously undiagnosed patients19. Although not always clinically evident, there is bone involvement at the time of autopsy in as many as 85 per cent of patients who die from carcinoma of the breast, prostate, or lung66,114. Breast (32 per cent), prostate (36 per cent), and lung carcinoma (14 per . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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