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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 78:1438-44 (1996)
© 1996 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Instructional Course Lecture

Instructional Course Lectures, The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons - Compartment Syndrome Associated with Tibial Fracture*{dagger}

PAUL TORNETTA III, M.D.{ddagger}, BROOKLYN, NEW YORK and DAVID TEMPLEMAN, M.D.§, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA

An Instructional Course Lecture, The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons


   Introduction
 
Compartment syndrome is a well recognized complication of a fracture of the tibial shaft3,4,6,15,31. Despite attempts to document the pathophysiology of compartment syndrome, the clinical recognition of this disorder is frequently difficult. If left untreated, compartment syndrome not only results in the loss of nerve and muscle function but also may lead to infection, myoglobinuria and renal failure, and even amputation.

A closed tibial fracture is one of the conditions most frequently associated with the development of compartment syndrome. Compartment syndrome occurs after both closed and open tibial fractures; the prevalence has ranged from five (1 per cent) of 411 fractures to eighteen (9 per cent) of 198 fractures3. The range probably reflects the varying percentage of high-velocity injuries seen at different medical centers31.


   The Clinical Problem
 
Despite an increased sensitivity of clinicians to the diagnosis of compartment syndrome, few criteria are available to serve as guidelines for making the . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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