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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 78:288-99 (1996)
© 1996 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Current Concepts Review

Current Concepts Review - Tuberculosis of Bones and Joints*

HUGH G. WATTS, M.D.{dagger}, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA and ROBERT M. LIFESO, M.D.{ddagger}, BUFFALO, NEW YORK

*No benefits in any form have been received or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. No funds were received in support of this study.


   Introduction
 
The prevalence of tuberculosis15 in the United States has been rising since 1986, with morbidity increasing 14 per cent from 1985 through 1993. In 1986, the rate of tuberculosis in the United States was 9.3 new cases per 100,000 population. In 1991, the rate in New York State12,13 had risen to 17.3 per 100,000, and the rate in central Harlem was 169 per 100,000, which is similar to rates reported in the eastern and central regions of Africa7,12. Much of this increase has been in the rate of pulmonary tuberculosis, but it has been associated with a concomitant rise in the number of adults and children who have tubercular musculoskeletal involvement. In a prospective study of a cohort of intravenous drug abusers in New York City who tested positive with the tuberculin skin test, the risk of active tuberculosis was 14 per cent (seven of forty-nine patients) a year . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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