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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 78:1918-34 (1996)
© 1996 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Current Concepts Review

Current Concepts Review - Total Hip Arthroplasty with Hydroxyapatite-Coated Prostheses*

WILLIAM L. JAFFE, M.D.{dagger} and DAVID F. SCOTT, M.D.{ddagger}, NEW YORK, N.Y.

Investigation performed at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York City.


   Introduction
 


   Basic-Science and Preclinical Studies
 

History of the Use of Hydroxyapatite in Orthopaedics
The term apatite was first applied to minerals by Werner45, in 1788. It now denotes a family of crystals with the formula M10(RO4)6X2, where M is usually calcium, R is usually phosphorus, and X is hydroxide or a halogen such as fluorine. The relationship to bone mineral was first suggested by Proust and Klaproth45, also in 1788. Only after the development and use of x-ray diffraction did Dejong confirm, in 1926, that the inorganic phase of bone was an apatite49. Bone mineral was found to be quite complex and included various types of hydrated calcium phosphates, the most common being calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca10[PO4]6[OH]2).

To the best of our knowledge, the earliest use of calcium-phosphate materials in humans was as a powder of varying crystalline composition to improve bone-healing. Albee and Morrison, in 1920, reported accelerated formation of callus3, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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