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Improved Survivorship of Hybrid Metal-on-Metal Hip Resurfacing with Second-Generation Techniques for Crowe-I and II Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

¹ Joint Replacement Institute, 2400 South Flower Street, Los Angeles, CA 90007. E-mail address for H.C. Amstutz: harlanamstutz{at}dochs.org
² Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany

Disclosure: In support of their research for or preparation of this work, one or more of the authors received, in any one year, outside funding or grants in excess of $10,000 from Wright Medical Technology. In addition, one or more of the authors or a member of his or her immediate family received, in any one year, payments or other benefits in excess of $10,000 or a commitment or agreement to provide such benefits from a commercial entity (Wright Medical Technology). Also, a commercial entity (Wright Medical Technology) paid or directed in any one year, or agreed to pay or direct, benefits in excess of $10,000 to a research fund, foundation, division, center, clinical practice, or other charitable or nonprofit organization with which one or more of the authors, or a member of his or her immediate family, is affiliated or associated.

Methods: One hundred and three hips (ninety patients) were resurfaced for osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia. The mean age of the patients was forty-seven years, and 77% were women. Most hips (94%) were Crowe class I, but 43% had femoral head defects of >1 cm in size. The clinical results of these hips were compared with those of a group of patients with other etiologies, largely dominated by idiopathic osteoarthritis (78%).

Results: All clinical scores improved significantly (p < 0.0001) and were comparable with those of patients with other etiologies except for the postoperative activity scores, which were lower (7.0 compared with 7.5). Range of motion was greater for the patients with dysplasia than for the patients with other etiologies. Seven hips that were resurfaced with the first-generation femoral fixation techniques and one hip that was resurfaced with the second and third-generation techniques had conversion to total hip arthroplasty. This difference was found to be significant (p = 0.032) in a multivariate, time-dependent analysis after adjustment for other covariates known to affect prosthetic survival. There was no loosening of the acetabular component in this series.

Conclusions: The current improvements in the short-term to midterm results after resurfacing in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip in whom more current techniques were used are encouraging and allow for greater expectations regarding the elimination of short-term failures and improved long-term durability of resurfacing in this population.

Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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