The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2008;90:128-131.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.G.01520
© 2008 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Nanofibers and Nanoparticles for Orthopaedic Surgery Applications
Lakshmi S. Nair, MPhil, PhD and
Cato T. Laurencin, MD, PhD
Corresponding author: Lakshmi S. Nair, MPhil, PhD Department of
Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road, Box 800759,
Charlottesville, VA 22908. E mail address:
nair{at}virginia.edu
Disclosure: The authors did not receive any outside funding or
grants in support of their research for or preparation of this work. Neither
they nor a member of their immediate families received payments or other
benefits or a commitment or agreement to provide such benefits from a
commercial entity. No commercial entity paid or directed, or agreed to pay or
direct, any benefits to any research fund, foundation, division, center,
clinical practice, or other charitable or nonprofit organization with which
the authors, or a member of their immediate families, are affiliated or
associated.
The ability of nanostructures to elicit altered cell behaviors, including
cell adhesion, proliferation, orientation, motility, integrin expression,
cytoskeletal organization, and modulation of intracellular signaling, has
raised heightened interest in these materials for various biomedical
applications, including orthopaedic repair and regeneration. Studies have
demonstrated that nanofibrous structures can favorably modulate osteoblast,
osteoclast, and fibroblast activities toward implant and/or scaffold
materials. Nanomaterials based on silver nanoparticles have received
significant attention. Apart from their unique wound-healing ability, silver
nanoparticles also exhibit high antibacterial properties, making them
potential candidates for use in the development of infection-resistant
biomaterials.

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