The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2008;90:554-559.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.F.01029
© 2008 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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 Shoulder/Elbow Test 23: Spring 2008 (publication date May 15, 2008; expirat...
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Hemiarthroplasty for the Rotator Cuff-Deficient Shoulder

Steven S. Goldberg, MD1, John-Erik Bell, MD2, Han Jo Kim, MD2, Sean F. Bak, MD2, William N. Levine, MD2 and Louis U. Bigliani, MD2

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Physicians Regional Medical Center, 6101 Pine Ridge Road, Naples, FL 34119
2 The New York Orthopaedic Hospital, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, PH-11, New York, NY 10032

Investigation performed at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY

Disclosure: The authors did not receive any outside funding or grants in support of their research for or preparation of this work. One or more of the authors, or a member of his or her immediate family, received, in any one year, payments or other benefits in excess of $10,000 or a commitment or agreement to provide such benefits from a commercial entity (Zimmer). No commercial entity paid or directed, or agreed to pay or direct, any benefits to any research fund, foundation, division, center, clinical practice, or other charitable or nonprofit organization with which the authors, or a member of their immediate families, are affiliated or associated.

Background: Hemiarthroplasty is a common treatment for cuff tear arthropathy and glenohumeral arthritis associated with a massive tear of the rotator cuff; however, to our knowledge, long-term outcomes and preoperative factors affecting results have not been reported.

Methods: Thirty-four shoulders in thirty-one patients with cuff tear arthropathy or a massive rotator cuff tear with glenohumeral arthritis underwent hemiarthroplasty at an average age of seventy-two years. Outcomes in all patients were evaluated by direct physical examination and according to the limited goals criteria of Neer et al. at a mean of 3.7 years postoperatively. In twenty-five shoulders, long-term outcomes were measured with use of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scoring system and follow-up data were obtained at a mean of ten years (range, four to sixteen years) postoperatively.

Results: Twenty-six of thirty-four shoulders satisfied the limited goals criteria described by Neer et al. The mean active forward elevation improved from 78° preoperatively to 111° postoperatively (p < 0.001). The mean active external rotation improved from 15° preoperatively to 38° postoperatively (p < 0.0001). One patient with a history of four failed rotator cuff repairs had anterosuperior instability develop after surgery. The mean final total ASES score was 67 points (range, 35 to 100 points). Of the sixteen shoulders in patients who could actively elevate the arm to ≥90° preoperatively, fourteen achieved satisfactory results according to the limited goals criteria of Neer et al. Patients who could actively elevate the arm to 90° had significantly better function (mean ASES function score, 31 compared with 23 points; p = 0.05), pain relief (mean ASES pain score, 48 compared with 30 points; p = 0.002), and higher total ASES scores (mean, 80 compared with 54 points; p < 0.001) than the patients who were unable to actively elevate the arm to 90°.

Conclusions: Hemiarthroplasty can provide good long-term results in rotator cuff-deficient patients with glenohumeral arthritis. Patients who have preoperative forward elevation of ≥90° benefit the most. A low complication rate can be expected for this procedure.

Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


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