The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2008;90:2-9.
doi:10.2106/JBJS.F.01148
© 2008 The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Computer-Assisted Minimally Invasive Total Knee Arthroplasty Compared with Standard Total Knee Arthroplasty

A Prospective, Randomized Study

Andrew Quoc Dutton, MBBS, FRCS1, Seng-Jin Yeo, MBBS, FRCS2, Kuang-Ying Yang, MBBS, FRCS2, Ngai-Nung Lo, MBBS, FRCS2, Kui-Un Chia, RN2 and Hwei-Chi Chong, BSc(PT)2

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Republic of Singapore. E-mail address: andrew_dutton{at}hotmail.com
2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608, Republic of Singapore
Investigation performed at Singapore General Hospital, Republic of Singapore

Disclosure: The authors did not receive any outside funding or grants in support of their research for or preparation of this work. Neither they nor a member of their immediate families received payments or other benefits or a commitment or agreement to provide such benefits from a commercial entity. No commercial entity paid or directed, or agreed to pay or direct, any benefits to any research fund, foundation, division, center, clinical practice, or other charitable or nonprofit organization with which the authors, or a member of their immediate families, are affiliated or associated.

Background: There is little information on the feasibility of computer navigation when using a minimally invasive approach for total knee arthroplasty, during which the anatomic landmarks for registration may be obscured. The purpose of the present study was to determine the radiographic accuracy of this technique and to compare the rate of functional recovery between patients who underwent computer-assisted minimally invasive arthroplasty and those who underwent conventional total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: One hundred and eight consecutive patients were randomized to undergo computer-assisted minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty or conventional total knee arthroplasty. Perioperative pain management was standardized. The clinical parameters, long-leg radiographs, and functional assessment scores were evaluated for six months postoperatively.

Results: Patients who underwent computer-assisted minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty had a significantly longer operative time (by a mean of twenty-four minutes) and a significantly shorter inpatient stay (3.3 compared with 4.5 days) in comparison with those who underwent conventional arthroplasty (p ≤ 0.001). Significantly more patients in the computer-assisted minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty group were able to walk independently for more than thirty minutes at one month (p = 0.04). The percentage of patients with a coronal tibiofemoral angle within ±3° of the ideal was 92% for the computer-assisted minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty group, compared with 68% for the conventional total knee arthroplasty group (p = 0.003).

Conclusions: Although specific clinical parameters reflect an early increased rate of functional recovery in association with computer-assisted minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty within the first postoperative month, the main advantage of this technique over conventional total knee arthroplasty is improved postoperative radiographic alignment without increased short-term complications.

Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


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