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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 77, Issue 7 1003-1010, Copyright © 1995 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
Effect of lesions of the superior portion of the glenoid labrum on glenohumeral translation
MJ Pagnani, XH Deng, RF Warren, PA Torzilli and DW Altchek
Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, USA.
Lesions of the superior portion of the glenoid labrum were created in seven
cadaveric shoulders. The shoulders were mounted on a special apparatus
attached to a servocontrolled hydraulic materials-testing device.
Sequential fifty-newton anterior, posterior, superior, and inferior forces
and a twenty-two-newton joint compressive load were applied to the
shoulders. In addition, a fifty-five-newton force was applied to the tendon
of the long head of the biceps brachii. The shoulders were tested in seven
positions of glenohumeral elevation and rotation. An isolated lesion of the
anterosuperior portion of the labrum, which did not involve the
supraglenoid insertion of the biceps brachii, had no significant effect on
anteroposterior or superoinferior glenohumeral translation, either with or
without application of the fifty-five-newton force to the biceps brachii
tendon. In contrast, a complete lesion of the superior portion of the
labrum that destabilized the insertion of the biceps resulted in
significant increases in anteroposterior and superoinferior glenohumeral
translations. At 45 degrees of glenohumeral elevation, the complete lesion
led to a 6.0-millimeter increase in anterior translation when the arm was
in neutral rotation and to a 6.3-millimeter increase when the arm was in
internal rotation; inferior translation also increased, by 1.9 to 2.5
millimeters. The increases in translation persisted despite application of
a fifty-five-newton force to the long head of the biceps.
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