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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 73, Issue 5 750-764, Copyright © 1991 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
The use of bone morphogenetic protein in the treatment of non-union in a canine model
JD Heckman, BD Boyan, TB Aufdemorte and JT Abbott
Department of Orthopaedic, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7774.
A non-union model was established in the mid-part of the radial diaphysis
in dogs. The non-union was treated with operative implantation of a carrier
(guanidine-extracted, demineralized bovine bone or a polylactic acid
polymer), alone or in combination with fractions that had been enriched in
bone morphogenetic protein. All sites of treatment were examined
radiographically and histomorphometrically at twelve weeks after
implantation. Guanidine-extracted, demineralized bovine bone, alone or
combined with fifteen milligrams of canine bone morphogenetic protein,
failed to induce any healing of the non-union. When polylactic acid alone
had been implanted, a small amount of reparative new bone was found in the
defect at three months. When polylactic acid combined with fifteen
milligrams of canine bone morphogenetic protein had been implanted, a
significant increase in new bone formation was seen (p less than 0.03),
compared with that seen in control animals. Trabecular bone bridged the gap
between the proximal and distal fragments in all four specimens from the
dogs that had received that treatment. In contrast, when polylactic acid
combined with bovine bone morphogenetic protein had been implanted,
significant reparative new bone was not found in the defect at three
months.
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