The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 73, Issue 2 194-200, Copyright © 1991 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
The role of venous hypertension in the pathogenesis of Legg-Perthes disease. A clinical and experimental study
SL Liu and TC Ho
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Thirty-two patients in whom Legg-Perthes disease apparently involved only
one hip were examined with venography, measurement of intraosseous and
intra-articular pressures, arthrography, and dynamic triphasic bone-imaging
with 99mTc methylene diphosphonate. The arterial flow of blood in the
affected femoral head was slightly decreased, but the difference from that
on the normal side was not statistically significant. However, there was
marked disturbance of the venous drainage in the diseased hip, elevated
intraosseous pressure in the affected femoral neck, and increased
intra-articular pressure in the involved hip compared with the normal side.
An animal model was then created in twenty immature dogs, venous drainage
was obstructed, and intraosseous pressure of the femoral head and neck was
elevated by injection of four milliliters of semiliquid silicone into the
femoral neck. In eleven of the dogs, areas of avascular necrosis resembling
those associated with Legg-Perthes disease developed in the femoral head.