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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 71, Issue 7 975-983, Copyright © 1989 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
Instrumented Lachman tests for the evaluation of anterior laxity after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
RA Harter, LR Osternig and KM Singer
Biomechanics/Sports Medicine Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.
Using a KT-1000 arthrometer, in fifty subjects were measured the anterior
ligamentous laxity in a knee in which the anterior cruciate ligament had
been reconstructed and in the normal, contralateral knee. We also
determined the anterior tibial displacement and anterior compliance, using
the Lachman test. The subjects were divided into groups according to the
type of autogenous intra-articular substitute (either the central one-third
of the patellar tendon or the semitendinosus tendon) that had been used for
the anterior cruciate ligament and according to the duration of follow-up
(range, twenty-four to 101 months). Lachman tests were performed, applying
sixty-eight and ninety newtons of force, and indices for anterior
compliance were calculated. Although significantly more anterior laxity was
demonstrated with both sixty-eight and ninety newtons of force in the
reconstructed knees than in the contralateral, normal knees (p less than
0.001), thirteen subjects, of whom eight lacked full extension of the
reconstructed knee, had more anterior laxity in the normal knee. Analyses
of variance showed no significant differences in the results of the Lachman
tests as related to either the type of reconstruction or the length of
postoperative follow-up. The results suggested that the two types of
ligamentous substitute that were used in this study were equally efficient
in limiting anterior tibial displacement, as demonstrated by the Lachman
test. The study also demonstrated that the substitutes did not elongate
significantly during the period of the study.
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