The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 65, Issue 5 629-631, Copyright © 1983 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
Irrigating solutions for arthroscopy. A metabolic study
BF Reagan, VK McInerny, BV Treadwell, B Zarins and HJ Mankin
In an effort to determine the optimum solution for irrigation during
arthroscopic procedures, an in vitro metabolic experiment was performed in
which cartilage slices were incubated with 35SO4 in various commercially
available solutions, harvested at regular intervals, and assayed for
incorporated radioactivity. The solutions were compared with Ham F12
medium, a complex, ionically balanced salt and amino-acid solution that is
used for tissue culture. The data show that neither normal saline or
phosphate-buffered saline supports metabolic activity as well as Ringer
lactate or acetate, both of which approximate the values for the control,
Ham F12 solution. Clinical Relevance: Arthroscopy and arthroscopic surgical
procedures have become commonplace in orthopaedic practice. Normal saline
solution, commonly used in large quantities as an irrigating solution, is
in fact not physiological, and we showed that it inhibits normal synthesis
of proteoglycan by the chondrocytes. Ringer lactate seemed to support
cartilage metabolism as well as an "ideal" tissue-culture medium (Ham F12
solution). Since Ringer solution and normal saline cost the same in our
hospital, we strongly recommend that this more physiological solution be
used for arthroscopic procedures.