The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 65, Issue 1 70-80, Copyright © 1983 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
Flexor tendon healing and restoration of the gliding surface. An ultrastructural study in dogs
RH Gelberman, JS Vande Berg, GN Lundborg and WH Akeson
Healing canine flexor tendons were treated with either total immobilization
and were studied by light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy
at ten, twenty-one , and forty-two days. The immobilized tendons healed by
ingrowth of connective tissue from the digital sheath and cellular
proliferation of the endotenon. The ingrowth of reparative tissue from the
digital sheath overwhelmed the epitenon response. At the ultrastructural
level, collagen resorption was prominent whereas protein synthesis was
limited. This was observed at all study-intervals. In contrast, the
mobilized tendons healed by proliferation and migration of cells from the
epitenon. Ingrowth of reparative tissue from the tendon sheath was notably
lacking in this group. The epitenon cells exhibited greater cellular
activity and collagen production at each interval compared with cells of
the immobilized repairs.