The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 63, Issue 4 529-535, Copyright © 1981 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
Kinematics of the elbow
JT London
Previous studies of elbow kinematics produced conflicting results because
of technical limitations. Kinematic analyses of eight normal elbows (four
in cadavera and four in living subjects) using true lateral roentgenograms
made by a special technique showed that flexion occurs about a single axis.
This axis passes through the centers of the arcs outlined by the bottom of
the trochlear sulcus and the periphery of the capitellum. Motion of the
joint surfaces is of a sliding type except at the extremes of flexion and
extension where rolling motion occurs. The carrying angle of the forearm
remains constant as the elbow flexes. Based on these findings, total elbow
prostheses ideally should be uniaxial, with the axis of flexion of the
prosthesis the same as the axis of the normal joint.