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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 61, Issue 8 1221-1229, Copyright © 1979 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
Microvasculature of the cruciate ligaments and its response to injury. An experimental study in dogs
SP Arnoczky, RM Rubin and JL Marshall
The normal vascular anatomy of the cruciate ligaments was investigated in
eight dogs by microangiography, histology, and tissue-clearing (Spalteholz)
techniques. The vessels were found to originate predominantly from the soft
tissues (infrapatellar fat pad and synovial membrane) of the joint. The
vascular response to partial surgical transection of the anteromedial
mid-portion of the anterior cruciate ligament was evaluated in twelve dogs.
This response, which was vigorous and extensive, appeared to arise from the
soft tissues. Resection of the infrapatellar fat pad and synovial membrane
at the time of injury tended to decrease this response. Spontaneous healing
of the defect had not occurred in either group by eight weeks. Clinical
Relevance: The predominant soft-tissue, as opposed to osseous, origin of
the blood supply to the cruciate ligaments may be an important
consideration in the repair of these structures. The preservation and
utilization of the infrapatellar fat pad and synovial envelope may optimize
the vascular response and healing of the ligament.

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