The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol 58, Issue 7 921-925, Copyright © 1976 by Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc
Thromboembolism following total hip-replacement arthroplasty. The efficicy of dextran-aspirin and dextran-warfarin in prophylaxis
EA Salvati and P Lachiewicz
The efficacy of two antithrombotic regimens, combined dextran and aspirin
and combined dextran and warfarin, was analyzed by comparing the incidence
of thromboembolism following total hip replacement in two groups of similar
patients. Of the 427 who received dextran and aspirin, 7 per cent had
thromboembolic complications, including one case of fatal pulmonary embolus
and one case of recurrent emboli that required vena caval ligation, and 15
per cent had wound-healing complications. Of the 197 patients who received
dextran and warfarin, 5 per cent had thromboembolism and 24 per cent had
wound healing complications. Although both prophylactic regimens seemed
effective, dextran and aspirin appeared less effective in reducing
thromboembolic complications than dextran and warfarin, but there were
fewer wound complications in that group. One-fourth of the patients on
dextran-warfarin were not adequately anticoagulated despite close
supervision. In forty-five patients with a history of thromboembolism who
were excluded from the study and analyzed separately, warfarin alone and
the two described regimens were equally ineffective in preventing
thromboembolism, and the incidence of thromboembolic complications was
high. Dextran-aspirin and dextran-warfarin appear to be satisfactory and
relatively simple methods of thromboembolic prophylaxis.