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Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 1958;40:803-816.
© 1958 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc

Torsion of the Femur

A Follow-Up Report on the Use of the Dunlap Method for Its Determination

A. R. SHANDS JR. M.D.1 and MARSHALL K. STEELE M.D.1

1 Alfred I. du Pont Institute, Wilmington

1. Fourteen hundred and nine femoral-torsion studies were done on 584 children.

2. Graphs for the average normal torsion of the femur and the average normal angle of inclination (shaft-neck angle) were made for 238 children from three months to sixteen years of age.

3. The significant femoral-torsion information on forty-five cases of congenital dislocation of the hip was reported.

4. In 1409 femoral-torsion studies on 584 children, increased femoral torsion was present in more than one-half of the patients with moderate or marked coxa valga.

5. Six of forty hips with coxa plana (15 per cent) showed increased femoral torsion.

6. A definite decrease in femoral torsion was found in ten hips in seven patients with congenital and developmental coxa vara.

7. Eleven patients with pigeon-toe, internal tibial torsion, and constracture of the internal rotators of the hip showed an increased reading of femoral torsion, but the sample is too small to be statistically significant.


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