THE PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN RECURRENT DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER

A Report of Bankart's Operative Procedure

¹ Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Medical School, San Francisco

The principle purpose of this paper has been to extend the observations of Bankart on recurrent dislocation of the shoulder joint and to present a triad of pathological findings which the authors consider essential to the etiology of this condition. This triad consists of:

1 . Detachment of the labrum glenoidale and the anterior capsule of the shoulder joint.

2. A defect in the posterolateral portion of the head of the humerus.

3. Erosion or fracture of the glenoid rim.

The findings indicate that recurrent dislocation of the shoulder is likely to be associated with far more extensive damage to the joint than has been heretofore disclosed. The complexities of the findings necessitate not only a more complete study, but also special examinations of the individual case before an accurate prognosis can be arrived at and rational therapy instituted. The surgical procedure adopted in the treatment of these cases must be governed by a full appreciation of the extent of the underlying pathology, if a successful outcome is to be anticipated.

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